NEW YORK Town (WABC) — New York Town Mayor Eric Adams signed two govt orders Thursday signaling his administration’s motivation to procuring, planning, and serving healthier and wholesome food items citywide.
The orders ended up signed at the Mercy Middle Bronx, an unexpected emergency meals pantry, and even further underscore what Adams calls a motivation to food stuff justice and to reducing food plan-related health inequities and illness results.
“If we want to motivate New Yorkers to be more healthy, the city must set the tone,” Adams explained. “The govt orders we are signing today establish on the development we have created to far better align our guidelines with our community health and fitness priorities, and display that New York Metropolis continues to guide the country on foodstuff coverage that facilities equity and justice.”
The 1st, the Commitment to Health and fitness and Diet: Food stuff Criteria and Fantastic Foods Paying for, repeals a previous executive purchase that set forth standards for meals served by city agencies.
ALSO Go through | NYC expanding Plant-Dependent Way of life Drugs clinics to 6 new sites
It will activity the Division of Overall health and Mental Hygiene and the Mayor’s Office of Foodstuff Plan with revising the Town Agency Food items Requirements, which will be circulated to company heads on April 1, 2022, and every three a long time after that.
The purchase also formalizes the city’s commitment to the Excellent Foodstuff Purchasing principles through transparency about how mayoral agencies’ procurements influence main values relating to area economies, environmental sustainability, valued workforce, animal welfare, and nourishment influencing the wellness of all New Yorkers.
The other order, Promotion of Healthier Food items in Metropolis Publications and Promotion on City Home, calls for that all marketing supplies put out by companies and advertisements on city residence about food stuff – to the extent practicable – element nutritious foodstuff.
Equally orders build on the mayor’s foodstuff policy agenda, which include the modern introduction of vegan choices in all general public educational institutions and 6 new plant-based life style medicine clinics in NYC Wellness + Hospital in the course of the town.
Also announced at the function was the publication of the Office of Social Services’ new Food stuff Distribution Program procurement, which will incorporate clean fruits and greens for the initial time in the 30-calendar year record of the method.
ALSO Read through | Vegan Fridays: NYC school cafeterias launching healthy ingesting initiative
Founded in 1983, Unexpected emergency Food Help Program purchases and distributes foodstuff goods to much more than 600 foods pantries and soup kitchens across the 5 boroughs.
As a portion of the city’s response to the COVID-19 unexpected emergency, the office also commenced to distribute refreshing fruits and vegetables by way of a parallel system, identified as Pandemic Food items Reserve Unexpected emergency Distribution.
This procurement will streamline these endeavours to make sure the protected, reliable, and dependable source of wholesome, wholesome, and culturally proper food to unexpected emergency food items suppliers throughout the metropolis, and direct general public dollars to suppliers that replicate the administration’s values of equity, general public health and fitness, and reducing environmental affect.
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Irrespective of the notion that marijuana is harmless, there is some scientific proof complicated that belief, and there are a lot of unanswered inquiries about its effects on mind wellness, in accordance to a new American Heart Affiliation scientific assertion released currently in the Association’s journal Stroke. This scientific statement will be presented and reviewed for the duration of a symposium at the Association’s Worldwide Stroke Convention in New Orleans, currently at 7 a.m. CT/ 8 a.m. ET. An American Heart Affiliation scientific assertion is an specialist assessment of present-day research and may advise foreseeable future medical observe pointers.
“You will find a good deal of uncertainty in the clinical neighborhood about the well being outcomes of cannabis. This scientific statement is intended to guideline overall health care gurus in getting a balanced and intentional dialogue with patients about the probable identified and unidentified outcomes of marijuana on mind wellness,” claimed creating team Chair Fernando D. Testai, M.D., Ph.D., FAHA, a professor of neurology and rehabilitation at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
This is the Association’s initially scientific assertion on hashish and mind well being, next a assertion on marijuana and cardiovascular well being, printed in August 2020. The two statements are vital considering that marijuana use in the U.S. is rising, specifically among the adolescents and youthful older people, with about just one-3rd of 12th graders and virtually fifty percent of higher education learners reporting marijuana use in 2018. In addition, the use of cannabis medicinally and/or recreationally has been legalized or decriminalized in quite a few states throughout the U.S. in the earlier 2 a long time, and the focus of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana) in hashish solutions has enhanced noticeably, from about 4{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} in 1995 to 15{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} in 2018.
The most examined chemical compounds in cannabis are THC and CBD. THC is the compound in cannabis that gives the sensation of remaining significant. CBD (cannabidiol) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory houses but does not have psychoactive outcomes. The prospective therapeutic gains of CBD keep on to be investigated in clinical trials.
The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and the Foodstuff and Drug Administration (Food and drug administration) classify cannabis as a Schedule I managed substance, on par with heroin and LSD, for owning a “high potential for abuse and minimal to no health-related profit.” In distinction, CBD is lawful when derived from hemp, which is the exact same species of plant as hashish and includes a lot less than .3{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} THC.
To completely understand the likely effects of cannabis, it really is significant to know that the human entire body obviously produces compounds known as endocannabinoids that are related to those people in marijuana. Endocannabinoids are included in the regulation of several system processes all over lifestyle (which includes learning, memory, soreness manage and rest), and the action of endocannabinoids is essential to prenatal mind progress and to mind maturation throughout adolescence.
Endocannabinoids, as very well as THC, can attach to neurons in the mind by way of molecules called cannabinoid receptors. When THC activates cannabinoid receptors in the mind, it can disrupt the regular steps of endocannabinoids. “These receptors are extremely concentrated in brain regions related to cognition,” claimed Testai.
In accordance to the statement, earlier animal research (in rodents) show that extended publicity to THC disrupts memory and discovering, and impacts brain advancement and maturation in unique means if exposed at certain levels of life:
For the duration of prenatal everyday living, an vital time for mind improvement, THC disrupts the typical signaling pathways of the endocannabinoid process and may possibly change the offspring’s pondering, psychological conduct and response to tension.
Throughout adolescence, an important time for brain maturation, THC variations the structure and perform of mind circuits, specifically in regions involved in cognition, emotional regulation and social conduct (this sort of as the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus).
“Info obtained in these animal studies exhibit that disruption of endocannabinoid pathways qualified prospects to behavioral and cognitive abnormalities, such as poorer memory and finding out capability and a heightened sensitivity to strain. Also, there may well be critical lifetime periods — gestation and adolescence — when the mind may be notably susceptible to the influence of THC,” Testai reported.
Whilst the actual timing and sum of marijuana exposure are more very easily controlled in animal experiments, as properly as controlling the animals’ social and environmental conditions, human analysis reports cannot replicate identical rigid parameters. So, outcomes from existing scientific studies in human beings have been blended, nevertheless elevate comparable problems about the influence of marijuana publicity on mind overall health. Among the reports in human beings summarized in the scientific assertion, the results bundled:
Even though actively employing marijuana, people today shown worse scores on driving road tests when working with THC-dominant cannabis, compared to when they were utilizing CBD-dominant marijuana or no marijuana.
In younger grown ups who had been followed for 25 decades as portion of a coronary heart disease research challenge, scores on verbal memory tests declined in correlation to much more a long time of self-documented exposure to cannabis.
There ended up a lot more psychological troubles and poorer cognitive functionality in young children (typical age 9) whose mothers described employing marijuana throughout pregnancy.
Marijuana use during adolescence has been related with thinning in an place of the brain concerned in cognition (the prefrontal cortex), with higher publicity to cannabis connected with additional thinning. However, other scientific tests detected no variance.
Structural changes in the mind had been obvious in some experiments evaluating marijuana people and non-users. Specifically, there was thinning of mind areas significant in orchestrating ideas and steps, or lowered volume in an space of the mind essential for memory. Other research that as opposed cognitive tests and brain imaging found no variances in between cannabis customers and non-consumers.
Cannabis end users were uncovered to have an amplified danger of clot-induced stroke, with 1 review discovering 17{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} extra and a further obtaining 24{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} a lot more strokes amongst hashish customers.
The statement also highlights quite a few open thoughts on the effect of hashish on mind health, including:
Does marijuana’s effect on mind wellness vary dependent on the person’s age?
How does marijuana interact with other substances this kind of as prescription drugs? This is a individual issue in aged people who might be making use of several medications this sort of as blood thinners, antiarrhythmia or anticonvulsant prescription drugs to deal with other chronic health disorders.
Do the consequences of cannabis differ whether or not it is employed recreationally or prescribed for the procedure of a particular health-related problem?
How significantly marijuana is way too substantially? In older exploration scientific studies carried out when cannabis was illegal in all U.S. states, there may well have been significant less than-reporting of how commonly cannabis was used.
Do distinct kinds of marijuana (these as larger THC stages or synthetic cannabinoids) affect the mind in another way?
Are there discrepancies in brain overall health relying on regardless of whether cannabis is smoked or eaten in an edible product?
“Our being familiar with of the results of marijuana on the mind is imperfect, and human study in this spot is a function in development. Still, the outcomes of new animal research problem the commonly accepted notion that cannabinoids are harmless and get in touch with for caution when making use of marijuana, especially when pregnant or all through adolescence,” claimed Testai.
This scientific assertion was organized by the volunteer creating team on behalf of the American Heart Association’s Stroke Mind Health and fitness Science Subcommittee of the Stroke Council the Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing the Council on Way of life and Cardiometabolic Well being and the Council on Peripheral Vascular Illness. The American Academy of Neurology has affirmed this scientific statement as an academic tool for neurologists.
American Coronary heart Affiliation scientific statements advertise larger consciousness about cardiovascular disorders and stroke concerns and assist aid informed wellbeing treatment selections. Scientific statements define what is at present recognized about a topic and what locations require extra analysis. When scientific statements tell the growth of suggestions, they do not make treatment tips. American Heart Affiliation recommendations deliver the Association’s formal clinical exercise tips.
Co-authors are Philip B. Gorelick, M.D., M.P.H. Hugo J. Aparicio, M.D., M.P.H. Francesca M. Filbey, Ph.D. Raul Gonzalez, Ph.D. Rebecca F. Gottesman, M.D., Ph.D. Miriam Melis, Ph.D. Mariann R. Piano, R.N., Ph.D. Tiziana Rubino, Ph.D. and Sarah Y. Music, M.D. Authors’ disclosures are listed in the manuscript.
From the Alpha variant to Delta to Omicron, the COVID-19 virus is changing, but it doesn’t seem to be going anywhere. Incarcerated people and their families wonder what the future of COVID means for them.
Incarcerated people have been acutely impacted by the highs and lows of the pandemic. Not only must they cope with the fear of getting ill and dying, or suffering from long-term COVID symptoms, but the pandemic has meant periodically losing much of the few freedoms they still have, such as outdoor recreation time and family calls and visits.
For incarcerated people, frequent lockdowns have meant more time in a cell, sometimes with other people, some of whom are sick, sometimes all alone, often for 23 hours a day.
Researchers argue that these experiences are adding to the trauma that already exists from spending time behind bars.
To prevent widespread illness and additional trauma, advocates for incarcerated people have called for decarceration. This means reforms that would limit the number of people sent to jails and prisons in the first place and reforms that would allow certain people to exit prisons early.
As it becomes clearer that quick fixes will continue to be Band-Aids on the larger problem, advocates press for long-term solutions.
COVID and incarceration
The United States prison system is not built for a pandemic.
“In addition to everyone being on top of each other, there are too many of them in the space allotted,” Finholt said. “The prisons generally have one sort of air circulation system that is common to the whole prison. And so if you get a lot of virus in the air, it’s just going to be in the air everywhere in the prison.”
Additionally, staff move in and out of the prison, making the prison far from a closed bubble.
“Prisons are ongoing, constant mass gatherings,” Finholt said.
One study using mortality records from the Florida State Department of Corrections found that COVID-19 led to a four-year decline in life expectancy in Florida’s prison population.
The North Carolina Department of Public Safety (DPS) has reported that 57 incarcerated people have died of COVID in North Carolina’s prisons. It is possible that more people have died of COVID, but their deaths have not been properly reported, a North Carolina Health News/ VICE News investigation showed.
DPS spokesperson Brad Deen said that as the Omicron variant surges across North Carolina’s prisons, most cases “are asymptomatic or manifest mild symptoms in the vaccinated, and that unvaccinated offenders with underlying medical issues are the most at risk of this variant.”
Incarcerated people who died of COVID are not the only casualty. Three incarcerated people have died by suicide just this calendar year, according to DPS press releases.
COVID has been and continues to be a problem for incarcerated people, even as the world tries to move on, said Wanda Bertram, communications strategist at the Prison Policy Initiative, which researches the harms of mass incarcerations.
Public officials who have declared COVID endemic are “basically admitting that prisons are going to be more dangerous in terms of health risks than they’ve been before,” Bertram said.
The way prisons have handled COVID thus far is likely to have a lasting effect on incarcerated people. Some people who contracted COVID while they were incarcerated will experience long COVID, but even if they didn’t get sick, the pandemic “absolutely makes it worse in terms of just the trauma of prison,” Finholt said.
Addressing the dangers of COVID through decarceration
As COVID-19 continues to evolve, so will DPS, Deen said.
“DPS will continue to be adaptable and resilient and will continue to follow the science and do what is possible to prevent COVID-19 from getting into the facilities, to help prevent it from spreading to other facilities and to confine it within a facility if it does get in,” Deen said.
To combat deaths in state prisons, some advocates have called for large-scale decarceration, which would reduce the prison population and create more space.
It has been almost a year since 3,500 incarcerated people were released early from state prisons following a legal settlement between a number of advocacy groups and the state (NAACP v. Cooper) that aimed to decrease the harms of COVID against vulnerable incarcerated people.
C. Daniel Bowes, director of policy and advocacy for the ACLU of North Carolina, says it wasn’t enough.
“Obviously the problem has not been solved,” Bowes said.
The ACLU of North Carolina is part of a coalition of North Carolinians who have called on the state to address the COVID-19 crisis behind bars through the Vigil for Freedom and Racial Justice, a month-long demonstration outside the North Carolina Executive Mansion.
Bertram said now is the time for governments to pursue criminal justice reforms that make sentencing reforms retroactive. She also believes states need “any kind of plan” to release older incarcerated people and incarcerated people who are immune-compromised, especially if they are getting close to the end of their sentence.
“The Department wound down the ELC initiative in late 2021, and there are no plans to reactivate it at this time,” Deen said.
Finholt said if the pandemic continues to pose a public safety threat to the prisons, officials will have two options to make them safer: mass decarceration or vastly increasing funds to prisons to properly staff them.
The state budget that Gov. Roy Cooper signed into law in November includes a provision that sets aside $3 million to make the adult corrections of DPS a standalone department by 2023.
One proponent for prison reform, Sen. Bob Steinburg, R-Chowan, told the Daily Advance this move will give the state’s prisons a “seat at the table.”
Advocates for incarcerated fear it might be too little too late.
Impact upon reentry
Almost all incarcerated people in North Carolina will return to society. About 98 percent of people who are incarcerated in North Carolina will be released in the future.
However, many Americans tend to ignore the health of incarcerated people.
“They just stop at ‘they’re criminals and whatever they get, they deserve,’” Bowes said.
As the pandemic caused lockdowns and shut down visitation to prisons periodically, that means communication from inside prison to the outside world has also suffered.
“I think the problem with the way we use incarceration is that it disappears people,” Finholt said.
“In turn, disappearing people makes it so that the problems those people face are not visible.”
But those people will return and when they do, they are likely to have more health problems than they entered prison with, said Eric Reinhart, resident physician in the Physician Scientist Training Program at Northwestern University’s Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.
More people will be reentering society with long COVID, Reinhart said, and many people will be reentering traumatized from the conditions they’ve lived with.
“I think there is a multi-generational burden of care that we are producing now by subjecting people to horrific conditions in U.S. jails and prisons during the pandemic,” Reinhart said, “before as well, and especially now during the pandemic.”
There are things that states can do to make reentry more successful, Bertram said.
Researchers at the Prison Policy Initiative found that simply facilitating contact between incarcerated people and their family and friends on the outside world could improve the mental health of incarcerated people and reduce recidivism.
“It’s one of the cheapest ‘programs’ that you can have,” Bertram said.
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by Elizabeth Thompson, North Carolina Health News February 10, 2022
NEW MEXICO (KRQE) – Though New Mexico wellness leaders continue to be encouraged about a decreasing selection of new COVID-19 scenarios, the state’s mask mandate will continue being in location for the foreseeable future. The update arrived Wednesday throughout the state’s standard weekly COVID-19 briefing.
New Mexico Office of Wellbeing Performing Secretary Dr. David Scrase stated although he is continuing to experience “optimistic” about the decrease in the amount of new instances, the state is nonetheless anxious about the force hospitals are facing. That was a person of the key aspects highlighted Wednesday amid news of numerous other states positioning expiration dates on their mask mandates, which includes Oregon, New York, California, Massachusetts and other individuals.
“We really do not genuinely make decisions in New Mexico, for New Mexicans based on what other people today are undertaking in other states, we use our very own data,” Dr. Scrase said. “The preponderance of proof I think is extremely clear that masks get the job done to prevent the spread of condition, and I imagine when issues awesome down in the healthcare facility, we’re organizing on rescinding the mask buy.”
New York state officers introduced it would carry mask orders on Wednesday. California is expected to lift its mask mandate by February 15, followed by Connecticut and Massachusetts which set a February 28 conclusion day for their respective mask mandates. Delaware and Oregon are expected to conclude their mask mandates by the conclude of March, though New Jersey is envisioned to end its mandate on March 7.
“When folks talk about their requires to end the mask mandate, I believe … that form of way of thinking genuinely fully excludes the encounter of our hospitals in the state, who’ve been in crisis fundamentally for 6 months now,” Dr. Scrase explained. “They’re [hospitals,] sending [me] emails indicating, ‘please go on it, no matter what we do, for the reason that we merely can’t have much more circumstances.’”
Scrase introduced information Wednesday showing New Mexico’s for each-capita COVID situation price stands around 97 circumstances for each 100,000 people today. Which is about 3 occasions what New Jersey and Connecticut are at the moment averaging.
“We have slightly bigger hospitalizations fees than most of the states [that have announced changes to mask mandates] nonetheless, we have a decrease variety of clinic beds,” Dr. Scrase mentioned. He also highlighted the variety of traveling nurses and health care personnel that remain doing the job in several hospitals around the state. This 7 days, New Mexico is having to pay for additional than 400 traveling healthcare employees, when two of the state’s largest health devices in Albuquerque have brought in an approximated “over 1,200” supplemental health care employees, in accordance to Scrase.
“Believe me, no one wants to conclude [the mask mandate] a lot more than I do, but we have to use the science and we have to use the data we have for New Mexicans, and the details we have about masks as effectively,” Dr. Scrase said. Developed into the state’s recent community wellness buy, New Mexico’s mask mandate is currently slated to conclusion on March 4, 2022 if the health purchase expires with no getting renewed. There’s no sign, so far, if the condition will do that.
New Mexico’s omicron-fueled circumstance surge which peaked in late January has now been in drop for all-around two weeks. In accordance to an NMDOH report released Monday, February 7, in the week from February 1 by 7, the state described 13,432 new COVID cases. That’s down from the prior week’s report, revealed January 31, which documented 26,844 new COVID 19 scenarios from January 25 through 31.
Meanwhile, the state’s health and fitness details indicates the omicron variant is impacting far more little ones. Through Wednesday’s information meeting, Dr. Scrase mentioned although loss of life costs and hospitalizations are quite reduced in youngsters, the major pediatric age team with omicron currently stays young children aged 12 to 17 a long time outdated.
“In young children, around 87{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of children are symptomatic now,” Dr. Scrase claimed. “They use to lag powering older people but now they have caught up with omicron.”
Picture the scene: you’ve got a new tyre to mount on a wheel but, no matter how hard you try, you can’t get it on. It’s a scenario many cyclists have found themselves in.
In this article, we’ll run through the proper technique for changing a bike tyre (both installation and removal), explain why some tyres are so difficult to fit, and suggest what tools you can use when you need help with a particularly tight tyre and rim combination.
While installing a tyre on a wheel is something most riders can normally manage comfortably, even seasoned cyclists will experience combinations where muscling the last bit of tyre bead over the rim edge appears to require super-human strength and thumbs of steel.
The rise of tubeless tyres and rims across road, gravel and mountain bikes has increased the frequency of such issues too, as tubeless-ready tyres are made with stiffer beads and to tighter tolerances than equivalent clincher tyres.
To save yourself stress, sore thumbs and to prevent damage to delicate or expensive bicycle parts, proper technique when installing or changing tight bicycle tyres is crucial.
Beyond that, there are also now many useful tools to help ease tight tyres onto rims (as well as some tools you should avoid).
Before we get started, you can also use the links below to jump straight to the section you need:
How to change a bike tyre
Getting your tyre-mounting technique up to standard is the best way to ensure your tyres go on with the minimum amount of fuss.
The increasing prevalence of tubeless-ready tyre and wheel systems on bikes of all kinds means proper technique is more vital than ever.
The following steps apply equally to both clincher and tubeless-ready tyres, though it’s worth checking our guide on how to set up road tubeless tyres or our tips for understanding mountain bike tubeless setup, if you’re installing tubeless-ready tyres.
If you’ve come here looking for tips on how to install tubular tyres, we’ll direct you to our how to glue a tubular tyre guide.
1. Begin by ensuring the tyre is unfolded (if you have folding tyres) and appropriately shaped to go on the rim.
Unfold the tyre and get the shape as round as possible before attempting to fit it.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
If the tyre is not brand-new, now is a good time to check its condition and the condition of the rim.
Replacing a worn-out tyre or damaged rim tape is key to safe running and for preventing future punctures.
If you’re replacing a tyre after a puncture, ensure you find the culprit (the object that caused the puncture) and remove it before patching or replacing the tube and reinstalling the tyre.
If the tyre is brand-new, it’s a good idea to ‘massage’ the tyre into a vaguely round shape because this will make getting the first bead on much easier.
2. With the tyre properly shaped, install one bead of the tyre onto the rim
Once the tyre is properly shaped, you can begin installing it onto the rim.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
If your tyre has a directional tread, be sure to install it in the correct orientation for optimum performance. This is usually marked on the tyre sidewalls.
It will usually be possible to get the first bead onto the rim without tools, using the palms of your hands (rather than your thumbs) to lift the whole tyre over the rim edge, though a tyre lever can be used to pull it over in exceptional circumstances.
Installing tyres with the name label located centrally above the valve not only looks good (in our opinion), but it also locates key information, such as tyre size and minimum/maximum inflation pressures, above the valve where it can be easily viewed while inflating the tyre.
3. Install the inner tube or tubeless valve
With the first tyre bead on the rim, you can install the inner tube or tubeless valve.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
If using an inner tube, add a little air before installing it. This will help prevent the tube being pinched by the tyre bead while installing the tyre.
Avoid adding too much air, however, because this will make the tube take up too much space inside the tyre and prevent the tyre beads from falling into the deepest part of the rim’s central channel. Enough air to give the inner tube some basic shape is plenty.
Bonus pro tip: if you’re using latex inner tubes, a light dusting of talcum powder on the inner tube will help prevent it from sticking to the tyre or rim walls, or getting caught under the tyre bead. This can further reduce the likelihood of pinching the tube during installation.
4. Begin installing the other tyre bead onto the rim
Start working the second bead onto the rim from opposite the valve stem.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
Start opposite the valve and slowly work your way around each side of the rim, leaving the last bit of unmounted tyre located centrally around the valve.
As you go, ensure both beads of the tyre fall down into the central channel of the rim.
With tubeless tyres and rims, the newly installed bead will sometimes sit on the rim shelf, instead of falling into the central channel, decreasing the amount of slack in the bead. Simply push the tyre bead into the channel using your thumbs.
5. Install the final part of the tyre bead onto the rim
Installing the final part of the second bead is usually the most difficult.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
This is where things will usually start getting difficult.
As you get to the final part of the bead, use the palms of your hands to pull the whole tyre up and roll both sides of the bead over the rim edge bit by bit.
While it can be tempting to use your thumbs to push the bead over the rim edge, if the combination is very tight you’ll likely just end up with sore thumbs.
If you’re using very thin or wide tyres, which make it difficult to grab the whole tyre in the palms of your hand, you may have to resort to using your thumbs to push the tyre sidewall over the edge. In these instances, it’s advisable to wear protective gloves.
If you’re struggling, go back around the rim and double-check all of the installed parts of the tyre beads (on both sides) have fallen into the rim’s central channel. This is absolutely crucial to getting the last part of the bead on with the minimum of fuss.
It’s best to install the remaining tyre bead without resorting to tools, if possible, as incorrect use of tyre levers and other similar tools can potentially damage the rim, inner tube or rim tape.
If it’s not possible to install the remaining tyre bead by hand, however, careful use of tools can help you pull the last bit of a tight tyre bead onto the rim. We’ll talk more about that soon.
6. Check the tyre is correctly installed, then inflate
Ensuring all parts of both tyre beads fall down into the deepest area of the rim is crucial to installing tight tyres.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
Go around the rim and check the inner tube (if you’re using one) is not being pinched or squashed under the tyre bead. If it is, simply lift the tyre up in that area to release the tube and allow it to rebound back into the middle of the tyre.
If using tubeless valves, with tubeless-ready tyres, make sure the tyre beads are sat on either side of the valve, and be sure to add the valve stem retaining nut onto the other end of the valve.
Once you’ve double-checked everything is properly fitted, you can inflate the tyre.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
Once you’re sure both tyre beads are correctly installed around the entire circumference of the wheel, you can pump up the tyre. We’ve got a guide to help you find the correct tyre pressure for your road bike, as well as advice on perfecting mountain bike tyre pressure.
How to remove a bike tyre
Just as some tyres can be tricky to install, removing a bike tyre from a wheel can also be difficult.
Proper technique is key to making things as easy as possible, and while it’s sometimes possible to remove a bike tyre without tools, a couple of good tyre levers can often make life much easier.
1. Deflate the inner tube
Begin by fully deflating the inner tube. Simon von Bromley / Our Media
Next, remove the valve retaining nut, if you’re using one. Simon von Bromley / Our Media
If you’re removing the tyre because of a puncture, the inner tube (assuming your wheel has one) will already have lost some air, but you may still need to deflate it fully to aid removal.
Unscrew the head on the valve and press it down to remove any excess air, then remove the retaining nut that threads over the valve and sits against the rim (assuming you’re using one – many riders don’t). You’re now ready to start removing the tyre.
As with installing tyres, pushing both beads into the deeper central channel of the rim gives you the maximum amount of slack to work with.
2. Removing a tyre without tyre levers
Push all of the bead down into the middle of the rim, and firmly grab the tyre in both hands. You should be able to lift a supple tyre up and over the rim edge by hand.Simon von Bromley / Our Media
With supple clincher tyres, it will generally be possible to remove the tyre without resorting to using tyre levers.
Grab a section of the tyre opposite the valve stem firmly in both hands and lift up and over the rim edge.
With a small section of the tyre bead over the rim edge, the rest of the tyre should come away from the rim with ease.
This can be useful if you’re caught short on a ride without tyre levers, but also means you’re less likely to damage your rims, rim tape or inner tubes.
That said, tougher road or mountain bike tyres (particularly those in inflexible tubeless-ready beads) will likely require the use of tyre levers.
3. Removing a tyre using tyre levers
If it’s not possible to remove the tyre by hand, a tyre lever can be used instead. Simon von Bromley / Our Media
Insert the scooped edge of the tyre lever under the tyre bead and lever a small section of the bead over the rim edge. Simon von Bromley / Our Media
Then push the tyre lever forward around the rim to remove the tyre. Simon von Bromley / Our Media
Insert the scooped edge of a tyre lever underneath the tyre bead and gently lever the bead over the rim edge
With a small section of the tyre bead off the rim, hold the tyre lever firmly in your hand and push it forward (away from you) around the rim edge to remove the tyre.
If the tyre is too tight to lift off using only one tyre lever, don’t resort to brute force.
Instead, insert a second tyre a few centimetres away from the first and use both to lift off a larger section of tyre.
This should then give you the required slack to slide the rest of the bead off using a tyre lever.
Leaning on the top of the wheel can help, as it means you aren’t working to stop the wheel from rolling away from you as you push the tyre lever forward.
With one full side of the bead off the rim, you can then pull the whole tyre away from and off the wheel.
Why are some tyres harder to install than others?
Modern bicycle tyres and wheels are sized according to ISO standard 5775, set by the European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO).
A size 28-622 tyre code, for example, indicates a tyre with a nominal 28mm width and a 622mm inner-bead diameter.
As you might have guessed, such tyres are compatible with wheels that have a 622mm rim diameter. In old money, that’s a 700c wheel.
However, as there are many different types of bicycle tyres and rims, made by countless different manufacturers, there can be a number of reasons why some bicycle tyres are harder to install than others.
In this section, we’ll explore some of the main culprits in greater detail.
Tyre construction
To start with, anything that makes a tyre casing or its bead stiffer and less supple is likely to make it harder to install on any given rim.
It’s for this reason that high-end clincher tyres designed for road racing and time trials, such as those made with unvulcanised cotton casings and flexible tyre beads, are typically easier to install.
Supple, lightweight clincher tyres for road bikes are typically fairly easy to install because they have relatively flexible casings and beads.Matthew Loveridge / Immediate Media
In contrast, a burly tyre designed for durability, high mileage and low cost – perhaps a winter training tyre or a tyre intended for cycling to work – may prove a much tougher nut to crack.
On mountain bikes, lighter, fast-rolling tyres designed for cross-country racing are likely to be easier to install than tougher ones designed for enduro or downhill use. This is especially true of super-tough downhill tyres with heavy casings and wire beads.
Furthermore, the beads on tubeless-ready tyres are designed specifically to be unstretchable, both for performance and safety reasons. This typically means there is less margin for poor installation technique, and greater strength or specialist tools may be required.
In contrast, burly mountain bike tyres designed for enduro or downhill use can prove difficult to install, as they feature tough casings and stiff tubeless-ready beads.Dan Milner / Our Media
Rim shape
The size and shape of the rim you’re trying to install a tyre on can also make a significant difference to how easy the process is.
Modern, wide, tubeless-ready rims (either hookless or with traditional bead hooks) will likely feature a deep central channel. This helps because it reduces the effective diameter of the rim once the first side of the tyre bead is installed, which increases the amount of available slack in the second bead.
Pushing the second bead down into this channel as you work it onto the rim is key to making tyre installations as easy as possible.
Rims designed for use with clincher tyres only may lack such a deep central channel, and can therefore make the installation of tight tyres harder.
This can make installing a tubeless-ready tyre onto a clincher-only rim very difficult, and is generally something to avoid, even if the two may be technically compatible (providing you use an inner tube).
The three most common rim shapes available today.Enve
These days, non-tubeless compatible mountain bike wheels are virtually unheard of.
Thanks to a longer history of tubeless technology in mountain biking, even non-tubeless-specific legacy rims also may be convertible, with conversion systems available from many brands, such as Stan’s and Muc-Off.
Furthermore, the vast majority of modern mountain bike tyres will be tubeless compatible, even down to the most budget offerings from major manufacturers. Thus, ‘clincher only’ is a term largely reserved for road cyclists.
Size tolerances and unlucky combinations
While the exact sizes of any wheels and tyres are supposed to precisely match the international standards, in reality, variations in the manufacturing process will mean any product’s dimensions will fall within what is deemed to be an acceptable degree of tolerance.
A wheel’s rim diameter may, for example, be a few tenths of a millimetre larger than specified, and a tyre’s bead diameter may be similarly undersized.
While each in isolation may not cause any noticeable issues, an unlucky combination of an oversized rim and an undersized tyre can lead to a particularly difficult installation process.
Tips for installing tight bike tyres
Some tyre-fitting tools can be incredibly helpful, but careful use is advised.Simon von Bromley / Our Media
The best tip we can give for installing tough tyres is that practice makes perfect.
The more familiar you are with the proper technique, the easier it will be when you’re outside, far away from home, trying to fix a puncture with cold hands.
Nevertheless, there will undoubtedly be times when you need to resort to using specialist tools, such as tyre levers or tyre bead seating tools.
There is, of course, no shame in this. After all, there are no prizes for being able to install tyres without tools.
All that matters is you are able to easily and safely set up your bike, whether doing so at home or by the side of the road or trail.
Gloves
Some tough gloves can be invaluable in protecting your hands and getting a good grip on tyres during installation.Joe Norledge / Immediate Media
Tough workshop gloves can help protect your hands from strain and friction.
They can also make grabbing a handful of tyre securely a little easier, especially if you’re working in hot conditions or with sweaty palms.
Tyre levers
Tyre levers can help with getting tight tyres on and off rims.Simon von Bromley / Our Media
Tyre levers can be invaluable in coaxing the final section of a tight tyre bead onto a rim, and are something every cyclist should carry with them while riding (often in a saddle bag). They are also very useful when removing a tyre.
While holding the opposite side of the tyre in place on the rim, use a single tyre lever to lift a small section of the bead onto the rim. Repeat until all of the remaining bead is installed.
Don’t start in the middle of the remaining bead and attempt to lift it all over in one go. That’s a recipe for a broken tyre lever and lots of swearing.
Likewise, be careful not to damage the rim tape while using tyre levers – especially ones that have seen heavy use and may have nicks or sharp edges.
Tyre levers can be used to carefully lift stubbornly tight tyres onto a rim.Yogamaya von Bromley / Our Media
The best tyre levers are typically made out of tough plastic, with a thin but strong and wide tip. Pedro’s tyre levers are favourites of ours, but anything similar should do the job.
Generally, metal tyre levers should be avoided, especially if you have carbon rims, as these can damage your rims.
There are also modern evolutions of the humble tyre lever, such as the Tyre Glider or the Crankbrothers Speedier Lever.
The Tyre Glider is a modern evolution of the standard tyre lever.Simon von Bromley / Our Media
These aim to continuously install the bead as you push it around the rim edge. Both tools also include a more traditional scooped edge to aid removal of tyres.
At a similar size and weight to traditional tyre levers, they are also suitable for carrying in a saddle bag or jersey pocket.
Tyre bead-seating tools
Tyre bead seating tools can be invaluable for quickly seating tight tyres without risking damage to delicate components.Simon von Bromley / Our Media
Specialist tyre-seating tools, such as Kool Stop’s Tyre Jack (and similar devices by other brands), can save you a great deal of hassle when installing tight tyres.
The rigid part of the tool rests on the rim edge, while the hinged part reaches over the tyre and hooks onto the tyre bead. The bead can then be pulled up and over the rim edge.
In our experience, these tools are fantastic at getting stubbornly tight tyres onto rims with minimum fuss.The only downside is they’re typically too big to carry in a saddle bag or jersey pocket for road-side use.
However, they are generally light enough to carry in bikepacking bags, a cycling backpack or a hydration pack.
A bead-seating tool could, therefore, be a sensible piece of kit to take on an adventure or long mountain bike ride, if you know you might have trouble reinstalling your tyres after a puncture.
Soapy water
If installing tubeless tyres, some soapy water can help lubricate the rim and tyre bead interface, easing the ability of the tyre bead to slip over the rim edge.
It’s not worth trying this trick when using inner tubes, however, as a wet tube can stick to the inside of a tyre, possibly causing a puncture.
Warm water
BikeRadar’s technical editor, Tom Marvin, suggests tough, box-fresh mountain bike tyres can be made a little more pliable by heating them in warm water for a few minutes.
Once they’ve warmed up, the rubber and tyre carcass should have softened enough to allow you to more easily shape the tyre and install the first bead onto a rim.
Tubeless tyre plugs
Muc-Off’s Stealth Tubeless Puncture Plug set is a highly rated option.Andy Lloyd / Immediate Media
As already discussed, installing tubeless tyres can often be more difficult than installing equivalent clinchers.
For this reason, repairing a tubeless puncture using tyre plugs can often help you avoid needing to remove the tyre bead from the rim while away from home.
Stan’s NoTubes DART tubeless repair kit and Muc-Off’s Stealth Tubeless Puncture Plug set are two kits we rate highly.
We’d still recommend carrying a spare tube or two as a last resort, but tubeless tyre plugs are typically the BikeRadar team’s go-to flat-fixing solution, in the first instance.
What else can make the problem worse?
Too much rim tape
Using too much rim tape can make tyre installation harder, so always follow the manufacturer’s instructions.Joe Norledge / Immediate Media
When installing rim tape (tubeless-specific or otherwise), it’s important to not use more layers or thicker tape than is required.
An overly thick rim tape, or one or two wraps too many, effectively increases the diameter of the wheel, meaning there will be less slack in the bead when you come to install a tyre.
Tubeless tyre liners
Adding a tubeless tyre liner can make installing a tyre very difficult. Note: if your tyres look like this, it’s time to replace them.Oliver Woodman / Immediate Media
Tubeless tyre liners, such as the CushCore tyre protection system or Vitorria’s Air-Liner kits for road, gravel and mountain bikes, are great for offering increased rim and puncture protection, and the ability to safely run lower pressures in tubeless-ready tyres.
However, they also take up significant space within the tyre by design, which can prevent the tyre beads from dropping into the rim’s central channel during installation.
As we keep repeating, this reduces the available slack in the tyre bead, making tyre installation and removal harder.
For this reason, Vittoria includes a specific set of tyre bead pliers and bead retaining tabs with its Air-Liner road kit. You’ll almost certainly need them.
Using inner tubes with tubeless-ready tyres
While tubeless-ready tyres are compatible with inner tubes, the inner tube can function somewhat like a tubeless tyre liner during installation.
Again, it takes up space within the tyre and prevents the tyre beads from falling into the deepest part of the rim channel.
This is especially true when installing narrow (sub-25mm) road bike tyres on relatively narrow rims (sub-19mm internal width), as there’s less room for the beads and the tube in the central channel of a narrow rim. Even a slightly inflated tube can push against the walls of a narrow tyre.
While we do advise slightly inflating the inner tube prior to installation to avoid it getting pinched by the tyre, it may be necessary to fully deflate the inner tube to allow the maximum amount of slack in the tyre beads.
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– Susan T. Laing, MD, UT Doctors Cardiology – Texas Medical Middle
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– Monica Patel, MD, UT Physicians Cardiology – Texas Medical Center
