Tag: Communities

  • Cash for Colonoscopies: Colorado Tries to Lower Health Costs Through Incentives | Healthiest Communities Health News

    Cash for Colonoscopies: Colorado Tries to Lower Health Costs Through Incentives | Healthiest Communities Health News

    By Markian Hawryluk | KHN

    Condition workers in Colorado are getting asked to be greater people when purchasing for well being treatment services. And if they choose decrease-expense and higher-quality vendors, they could get a look at in the mail for a part of the savings.

    It’s part of an initiative acknowledged as the Colorado Getting Alliance, by which companies in the point out are banding with each other to negotiate decrease selling prices for well being care products and services. The condition govt is a single of 12 businesses that have agreed to be a part of the alliance and will be the 1st to use the recently negotiated premiums and customer incentives.

    The target is to disrupt what’s thought of a dysfunctional industry for overall health treatment by encouraging companies and personnel to make much better choices and forcing health methods in the point out — which have some of the maximum selling prices and earnings in the region — to reduce their prices.

    Given that July 1, point out staff members have experienced accessibility to the Healthcare Bluebook, which is an online instrument, owned by a wellbeing data business of the identical identify, that ranks wellness providers by the two expenses and high-quality. Companies in the best 25{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} for excellent are designated in environmentally friendly, the bottom 25{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} in pink and any individual in among in yellow. The similar color scale is used for fees.

    “If you go to a inexperienced-green service provider, then we’ll mail you a examine,” reported Josh Benn, director of worker gains contracts for the Colorado government.

    The checks can assortment from fewer than $50 for a thing like a mammogram to countless numbers of dollars for surgical treatment. In most cases, the dollars aids offset the employee’s copayments, coinsurance or deductible. But for preventive solutions like colonoscopies, which have no copay, it is added hard cash in the employee’s pocket.

    The reward software is out there only to workforce who pick out the state’s self-funded wellbeing plan, which is administered via Cigna, not the Kaiser Permanente solution, which has a shut network of vendors. Of the practically 20,000 people today, each staff and relatives customers, on the Cigna strategy, additional than 1,200 employed the device in the first 6 weeks, conducting 4,500 searches.

    “We could reduce the network to the bone and definitely limit selection, but aspect of what I want to do is persuade folks to make much better conclusions,” Benn stated. “There are means to suppress health treatment shelling out with no harming workforce.”

    Although it is also early to explain to how considerably the state will help save as a result of the plan, Healthcare Bluebook estimates that employers conserve an normal of $1,500 just about every time an enrolled member utilizes the on-line device to pick a service provider.

    “And you wind up with fewer difficulties and ill days,” Benn stated.

    Larimer County, in northern Colorado, has been employing Health care Bluebook given that 2018 in its incentive software to counteract the substantial selling prices it was having to pay for employees’ care beneath its self-funded approach. With very little levels of competition, the local wellbeing units ended up charging county staff members nearly double the selling prices in Denver, just two hrs to the south.

    “We have one particularly dominant well being treatment procedure below that is aware of they are the technique of decision, just dependent on market standing, and they are eager and capable to charge accordingly,” explained Jennifer Whitener, benefits manager for the county.

    Whitener recalled one worker who desired a hip substitution and identified a free of charge-standing orthopedic surgery middle that cost $20,000 much less than a hospital-owned facility and had larger top quality rankings.

    “Being able to share details in terms of how you can shop for well being treatment and that not all people is charging the exact same value for every little thing, and — oh, there is actually a variance in quality depending on exactly where you go — has been eye-opening,” she claimed.

    About the to start with 4 yrs, the county paid out an ordinary of $15,000 in benefits for each year. The county calculated that for every single $1 it spends to provide Healthcare Bluebook to its workforce, it will save $3.50.

    Andrea Bilderback, a wellness advertising and outreach professional with the county, used the software when determining wherever to have a mammogram and a colonoscopy immediately after a short while ago turning 40. She wound up finding a look at for $100 for the colonoscopy and $35 for the mammogram, neither of which experienced any out-of-pocket expenditures. She and her partner utilised the resources for a date night time, a welcome respite for the moms and dads of a 1½-12 months-old boy.

    “It was like totally free money,” Bilderback explained.

    Comparable ways have been employed with different levels of results throughout the nation. Self-Insured Schools of California, a acquiring alliance that represents 450 college districts in the Golden Condition, executed a similar system years back. Officers when compared the costs they paid for five prevalent processes — arthroscopies, cataract surgical procedures, colonoscopies, upper GIs, and endoscopies — at hospitals versus absolutely free-standing surgery facilities. They located that operation centers were typically considerably less expensive and the care was frequently rated as greater. The team capped the amount of money of money it would spend hospitals, leaving workforce on the hook for any stability. If they went to a surgical treatment heart, there would be no cap.

    For illustration, arthroscopies had been capped at $4,500, so if a clinic charged $6,000, the affected individual could be billed for the remaining $1,500. But if that individual went to a surgery center, the prepare would address the overall charge, no make any difference the total.

    In the initially year, setting up Oct. 1, 2018, the new solution experienced shifted 54{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of procedures from superior-cost hospitals to decrease-price tag surgical procedure facilities, preserving the school districts $3.1 million in wellbeing treatment fees.

    “If you could shell out $25,000 for a vehicle or $75,000 and the only variance was the overhead of the dealership, why would you spend $75,000?” stated John Stenerson, Self-Insured Educational institutions of California’s deputy executive officer. “That’s variety of like what we do with health-related pricing all the time.”

    The Colorado alliance did a comparable evaluation of the 10 most repeated outpatient techniques compensated for by its employer associates. Even ahead of negotiating any premiums, all those employers could minimize their fees for these strategies in half by sending employees to medical procedures facilities as a substitute of hospitals. Surgical procedures facilities tend to cost much less than hospitals for the same methods, and hospitals typically tack on a facility fee that improves charges for customers and companies. A recent research uncovered that expenses for a selection of orthopedic surgeries were an ordinary of 26{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} reduce at ambulatory medical procedures facilities than at hospitals.

    The hard cash-back again incentive software is element of a broader energy by the Colorado alliance to reduced wellness care prices for state staff members and 12 other companies, mostly faculty districts and nearby governments. But the condition workers are what give the alliance a sizable block of protected lives and bigger negotiating ability with physicians, hospitals and other overall health providers.

    Robert Smith, head of the Colorado Small business Team on Wellness, which is spearheading the alliance, thinks the obtaining-alliance product can revolutionize the health and fitness treatment sector and use the energy of the companies to generate down charges. Most corporations, he defined, pay back rates to a health and fitness prepare to address their personnel but make it possible for these health strategies to negotiate rates with hospitals, medical doctors and other companies. It would be as well difficult and time-consuming for most organizations to choose on that role on their own.

    Health-acquiring alliances, on the other hand, allow companies to band alongside one another and negotiate prices for a substantially greater team of personnel, supplying them higher industry electricity to negotiate lower costs.

    “Health care results are not related to the cost,” Smith stated. “You can fork out twice as considerably for some of the worst overall health treatment at a person facility, and then you can get some of the best health and fitness care at 50 {fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} the rate at yet another facility 10 miles absent.”

    But if businesses adjusted the way they buy wellbeing care, it could generate a aggressive market place, Smith said.

    So significantly, most of the negotiated fees have been limited to vendors in the populous Front Assortment region of Colorado that involves Denver, Fort Collins, and Colorado Springs. The alliance is attempting to indicator up suppliers in other places, particularly in the western section of the condition, but it may consider three a long time or far more to thoroughly changeover to the new model.

    A report by the nonprofit Catalyst for Payment Reform observed that these alliances often experienced early achievement but could not survive, in aspect since of the reactions of the substantial wellbeing treatment methods. Those methods usually undercut the pricing of purchasing alliances to push them out of enterprise.

    So far, Smith has negotiated with no cost-standing ambulatory surgery facilities, imaging services and medical professional-owned clinics. But he has experienced little luck receiving the bigger health and fitness systems to engage in ball.

    “If it is disruptive sufficient that it affects their base line and they notice it,” stated Benn, the state employee positive aspects director, “then, yeah, I imagine they’ll come to the table.”

    This story was produced by KHN (Kaiser Health and fitness Information), a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health challenges and a important functioning method at KFF (Kaiser Spouse and children Foundation). It has been published with authorization.

  • Dementia Patients Divided Over Alzheimer’s Drug Aduhelm | Healthiest Communities Health News

    Dementia Patients Divided Over Alzheimer’s Drug Aduhelm | Healthiest Communities Health News

    If you listen to the nation’s largest Alzheimer’s ailment advocacy organizations, you may well imagine all people dwelling with Alzheimer’s would like unfettered access to Aduhelm, a controversial new remedy.

    Views about Aduhelm (also recognized as aducanumab) in the dementia group are various, ranging from “we want the federal government to cover this drug” to “we’re concerned about this medicine and feel it should really be analyzed more.”

    The Alzheimer’s Association and UsAgainstAlzheimer’s, the most influential advocacy organizations in the discipline, are in the previous camp.

    Equally are pushing for Medicare to include Aduhelm’s $28,000 yearly expense and fiercely oppose the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ January proposal to limit coverage only to men and women enrolled in clinical trials. Approximately 10,000 feedback have been gained on that proposal, and a closing choice is expected in April.

    “With respect, we have no a lot more time for debate or delay,” the Alzheimer’s Association national Early-Stage Advisory Group wrote in a Feb. 10 comment. “Every passing working day without having entry to possible remedies subjects us to a upcoming of irreversible decrease.” For its portion, UsAgainstAlzheimer’s termed CMS’ proposal “anti-individual.”

    Nevertheless the scientific evidence behind Aduhelm is inconclusive, its efficacy in avoiding the development of Alzheimer’s continues to be unproved, and there are considerations about its protection. The Food and drug administration granted accelerated acceptance to the treatment past June but requested the drugmaker, Biogen, to perform a new medical demo to validate its profit. And the agency’s choice arrived regardless of a 10- recommendation from carrying out so from its scientific advisory committee. (1 committee member abstained, citing uncertainty.)

    Other corporations symbolizing people today living with dementia are a lot more cautious, contacting for additional investigation about Aduhelm’s success and likely facet consequences. Safety information showed additional than 40{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of people who took the treatment had swelling or bleeding in the mind — complications that need to be carefully monitored.

    The Dementia Motion Alliance, which supports individuals living with dementia, is between them. In a statement forwarded to me by CEO Karen Really like, the group reported, “DAA strongly supports CMS’s selection to limit accessibility to aducanumab to individuals enrolled in qualifying scientific trials in purchase to improved review aducanumab’s efficacy and adverse effects.”

    Meanwhile, Dementia Alliance International — the world’s largest firm run by and for folks with dementia, with far more than 5,000 customers — has not taken a placement on Aduhelm. “We felt that coming out with a statement on 1 aspect or a different would break up our group,” mentioned Diana Blackwelder, its treasurer, who life in Washington, D.C.

    Blackwelder, 60, who was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s in 2017, explained to me, “To say that thousands and thousands of people today stricken with a condition are all up in arms from CMS’s proposal is just erroneous. We’re all individuals, not a collective.”

    “I realize the need for hope,” she reported, expressing a own impression, “but individuals dwelling with dementia require to be guarded as nicely. This drug has really really serious, frequent facet results. My problem is that no matter what CMS decides, they at least set in some guardrails so that persons getting this drug get good workups and monitoring.”

    The discussion over Medicare’s final decision on Aduhelm is essential, due to the fact most persons with Alzheimer’s are older or very seriously disabled and protected by the governing administration health application.

    To understand extra, I talked to quite a few men and women dwelling with dementia. Here’s some of what they told me:

    Jay Reinstein, 60, is married and life in Raleigh, North Carolina. He was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease a few many years in the past and

    Jay Reinstein(Elizabeth Reinstein)

    formerly served on the countrywide board of administrators of the Alzheimer’s Association.

    “I realize [Aduhelm] is controversial, but to me it is a possibility I’m inclined to choose for the reason that there’s practically nothing else out there,” Reinstein claimed, noting that men and women he’s fulfilled by help teams have progressed in their condition really promptly. “Even if it is a 10{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} prospect of slowing [Alzheimer’s] down by six months, I am however ready to just take it. Even though I am progressing slowly but surely, I want a lot more time.”

    Early on, she was prescribed Aricept (donepezil), a person of a handful of medications that address Alzheimer’s indicators. “I grew to become fully perplexed and disoriented, I couldn’t feel, I could not focus,” she told me. Following halting the medication, people signs or symptoms went away.

    “I am not for CMS approving this drug, and I wouldn’t take it,” Scherrer said. At discussion groups on Aduhelm hosted by the Dementia Action Alliance (Scherrer is on the board), only two of 50 contributors needed the drug to be manufactured greatly offered. The purpose, she mentioned: “They don’t think there are adequate rewards to counteract the achievable harms.”

    Chopp is a member of a freshly fashioned team of five men and women with dementia who satisfy frequently, “support 1 one more,” and want to “tell the tale of Alzheimer’s from our standpoint,” she explained.

    Two men and women in the team have taken Aduhelm, and the two report that it has enhanced their effectively-becoming. “I believe in science, and I am incredibly respectful of the massive range of scientists who feel that [Aduhelm] ought to not have been approved,” she instructed me. “But I’m equally compassionate toward those people who are determined and who really feel this [drug] could possibly help them.”

    Chopp opposes CMS’ choice simply because “Aduhelm has been Fda-authorized and I believe it should be funded for these who opt for to get it.”

    Joanna Resolve, 53, of Colorado Springs was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s sickness in Oct 2016. She, far too, made critical complications
    soon after using Aricept and yet another dementia medication, Namenda (memantine).

    Joanna Correct(Joanna Deal with)

    “I would appreciate it if tomorrow any individual stated, ‘Here’s something that can heal you,’ but I do not feel we’re at that point with Aduhelm,” Fix instructed me. “We have not been hunting at this [drug] prolonged ample. It feels like this is just throwing a thing at the ailment because there’s very little else to do.”

    “Please, remember to take it from anyone dwelling with this disease: There is additional to everyday living than having a magic capsule,” Correct ongoing. “All I treatment about is my good quality of lifetime. My marriage. Educating and serving to other men and women dwelling with dementia. And what I can continue to do working day to day.”

    Phil Gutis, 60, of Solebury, Pennsylvania, has participated in scientific trials and taken Aduhelm for 5½ years after staying identified with early-onset Alzheimer’s in 2016.

    He’s convinced the treatment has assisted him. “I don’t know how to describe it other than to say my head feels so much clearer now,” he informed me. “I really feel a great deal extra capable of performing issues now. It is not like I’ve gained my reminiscences again, but I definitely have not deteriorated.”

    Gutis thinks CMS’ proposed limits on Aduhelm are misguided. “When the Food and drug administration accredited it, there was this feeling of exhilaration — oh, we’re getting somewhere. With the CMS conclusion, I sense we are setting the discipline back again once again. It’s this consistent emotion that progress is currently being designed and then — whack.”

    Christine Thelker, 62, is a widow who lives alone in Vernon, British Columbia. She was diagnosed with vascular dementia seven decades in the past and is a
    board member for Dementia Advocacy Canada, which supports limitations on Aduhelm’s availability.

    Christine Thelker(Christine Thelker)

    “Most of us who are living with dementia comprehend a cure is not likely: There are way too lots of distinctive forms of dementia, and it is just too sophisticated,” Thelker explained to me. “To believe we’re just likely to acquire a pill and be greater is not practical. Don’t give us phony hope.”

    What people with Alzheimer’s and other sorts of dementia need to have, as a substitute, is “various sorts of rehabilitation and assistance that can boost our high quality of existence and enable us keep a feeling of hope and reason,” Thelker claimed.

    Jim Taylor of New York City and Sherman, Connecticut, is a caregiver for his wife, Geri Taylor, 78, who has moderate Alzheimer’s. She joined a clinical trial for Aduhelm in 2015 and has been on the drug since, with the exception of about 12 months when Biogen quickly stopped the medical demo. “In that interval, her small-time period memory and communications skills significantly declined,” Jim Taylor explained.

    “We’re confident the treatment is a great issue, even though we know it’s not useful for everybody,” Taylor ongoing. “It seriously boosts [Geri’s] spirits to feel she’s element of research and performing everything she can.

    “If it is useful for some and it can be monitored so that any side consequences are caught in a timely way, then I believe [Aduhelm] should be out there. That conclusion really should be left up to the human being with the ailment and their care companion.”

    This story was developed by KHN (Kaiser Well being Information) a national newsroom that creates in-depth journalism about health troubles and a main working program at KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation). It has been printed with permission.

  • Gay, Lesbian Adults Have Higher COVID Vaccination Rates | Healthiest Communities Health News

    Gay, Lesbian Adults Have Higher COVID Vaccination Rates | Healthiest Communities Health News

    Gay or lesbian grownups general have experienced higher vaccination costs in opposition to COVID-19 when compared with straight persons, a new study signifies.

    Gay or lesbian grownups also were far more probable to have self confidence in the safety of the vaccine, according to the research, with 76.3{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} reporting they were being either wholly or very confident in vaccine security compared with approximately 64{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of heterosexual adults. Approximately 91{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of homosexual or lesbian grown ups and approximately 87{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of bisexual older people reported that they considered the COVID-19 vaccine was really or to some degree significant to defend themselves, in comparison with 80{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of heterosexual older people.

    Among the homosexual or lesbian grownups, vaccination costs ended up optimum amongst males at nearly 89{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c}, in contrast with just about 81{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} among ladies. Approximately 76{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of transgender or nonbinary grown ups reportedly had been at least partly vaccinated in comparison with approximately 77{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of older people who have been not transgender or nonbinary.

    The analyze did show extensive vaccination protection disparities amid both equally homosexual or lesbian and straight adults based mostly on income. For case in point, much more than 94{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of homosexual or lesbian grownups with family profits of $75,000 or earlier mentioned had been at minimum partially vaccinated when compared with close to 74{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of homosexual or lesbian older people with money below the poverty stage. In the same way, almost 83{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of heterosexual grownups with residence money at or earlier mentioned $75,000 had been vaccinated, compared with about 65{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} with income under the poverty level.

    Along racial and ethnic traces, the study results indicated that white gay or lesbian adults experienced the greatest vaccination price at almost 92{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} – with a 94{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} level amongst guys, exclusively – when Black gay or lesbian adults experienced the most affordable at about 67{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c}. Decreased coverage amongst Black women appeared to be the primary driver of the very low amount amongst homosexual or lesbian Black grownups, with only 58{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} getting at least a single vaccine dose. That rate and the 62{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} protection rate among bisexual Black girls had been the two notably beneath the almost 76{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} rate among straight Black women.

    “Increasing availability of training about COVID-19 vaccine in local communities of coloration that promotes the added benefits of vaccinations and … opportunities to respond to inquiries and acquire COVID-19 vaccine might increase coverage among homosexual or lesbian and bisexual women,” the review states.

    There has been some worry about vaccine hesitancy in just the LGBTQ community. Yet the CDC report’s conclusions are similar to earlier exploration that instructed a significant level of self esteem in the COVID-19 vaccine amid LGBTQ individuals. An examination launched final August by the Kaiser Household Foundation, for instance, confirmed that 82{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of LGBT older people claimed getting at least a person dose of a vaccine in comparison with 66{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of non-LGBT grown ups, and that 65{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of LGBT grownups supported the federal government recommending employer vaccine mandates in comparison with just 50{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} assist between non-LGBT grownups.

    The authors of the CDC report also observed effects of yet another study executed previously in 2021 that observed 92{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of LGBTQ respondents claimed acquiring a person dose or extra of a COVID-19 vaccine. As feasible variables fueling substantial vaccination charges among the LGBTQ individuals, that evaluation mentioned that higher shares of the LGBTQ neighborhood are politically liberal, stay in blue states and are living in city parts.

    Still, the CDC study authors observed that public health information on LGBT persons is limited, and that COVID-19 may perhaps pose a “disproportionate risk” of critical sickness for LGBT people today since of a bigger prevalence of comorbidities within just the neighborhood.

    “Inclusion of sexual orientation and gender identity in surveys, as properly as in COVID-19 screening, situation reporting, and vaccination administration units, can tutorial approaches to strengthen entry to wellbeing treatment and prevention solutions amid LGBT populations,” the review claims. “This details could be employed at the local amount to lower disparities in vaccination protection between persons at greatest danger for critical COVID-19–associated ailment, these kinds of as non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic LGBT folks.”

  • Effort to Vaccinate Kids Stalls as Omicron Surges | Healthiest Communities Health News

    Effort to Vaccinate Kids Stalls as Omicron Surges | Healthiest Communities Health News

    By Rachana Pradhan and Hannah Recht

    The national effort to vaccinate children has stalled even as the omicron variant upends schooling for millions of children and their families amid staffing shortages, shutdowns and heated battles over how to safely operate. Vaccination rates vary substantially across the country, a KHN analysis of the federal data shows. Nearly half of Vermont’s 5- to 11-year-olds are fully vaccinated, while fewer than 10{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} have gotten both shots in nine mostly Southern states.

    Pediatricians say the slow pace and geographic disparities are alarming, especially against the backdrop of record numbers of cases and pediatric hospitalizations. School-based vaccine mandates for students, which some pediatricians say are needed to boost rates substantially, remain virtually nonexistent.

    “You have these large swaths of vulnerable children who are going to school,” said Dr. Samir Shah, a director at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. Compounding the problem is that states with low vaccination rates “are less likely to require masking or distancing or other nonpartisan public health precautions,” he said.

    In Louisiana, where 5{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of kids ages 5 to 11 have been fully vaccinated, Gov. John Bel Edwards, a Democrat, added the shot to the list of required school immunizations for the fall, over the objections of state legislators, who are mostly Republicans. The District of Columbia and California, where about 1 in 5 elementary school kids are fully vaccinated, have added similar requirements. But those places are exceptions — 15 states have banned COVID vaccine mandates in K-12 schools, according to the National Academy for State Health Policy.

    Mandates are one of multiple “scientifically valid public health strategies,” Shah said. “I do think that what would be ideal; I don’t think that we as a society have a will to do that.”

    Vaccine demand surged in November, with an initial wave of enthusiasm after the shot was approved for younger children. But parents have vaccinated younger kids at a slower pace than 12- to 15-year-olds, who became eligible in May. It took nearly six weeks for 1 in 5 younger kids to get their first shot, while adolescents reached that milestone in two weeks.

    Experts cite several factors slowing the effort: Because kids are less likely than adults to be hospitalized or die from the virus, some parents are less inclined to vaccinate their children. Misinformation campaigns have fueled concerns about immediate and long-term health risks of the vaccine. And finding appointments at pharmacies or with pediatricians has been a bear.

    “One of the problems we’ve had is this perception that kids aren’t at risk for serious illness from this virus,” said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases. “That’s obviously not true.”

    Parents are left to weigh which is more of a threat to their children: the COVID virus or the vaccine to prevent the virus. Overwhelmingly, research shows, the virus itself presents a greater danger.

    Kids can develop debilitating long-COVID symptoms or a potentially fatal post-COVID inflammatory condition. And new research from the CDC found that children are at significantly higher risk of developing diabetes in the months after a COVID infection. Other respiratory infections, like the flu, don’t carry similar risks.

    Katharine Lehmann said she had concerns about myocarditis — a rare but serious side effect that causes inflammation of the heart muscle and is more likely to occur in boys than girls — and considered not vaccinating her two sons because of that risk. But after reading up on the side effects, she realized the condition is more likely to occur from the virus than the vaccine. “I felt safe giving it to my kids,” said Lehmann, a physical therapist in Missouri, where 20{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of younger kids have gotten at least one dose.

    Recent data from scientific advisers to the CDC found that myocarditis was extremely rare among vaccinated 5- to 11-year-olds, identifying 12 reported cases as of Dec. 19 out of 8.7 million administered doses.

    The huge variations in where children are getting vaccinated reflect what has occurred with other age groups: Children have been much less likely to get shots in the Deep South, where hesitancy, political views and misinformation have blunted adult vaccination rates as well. Alabama has the lowest vaccination rate for 5- to 11-year-olds, with 5{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} fully vaccinated. States with high adult vaccine rates such as Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Maine have inoculated the greatest shares of their children.

    Even within states, rates vary dramatically by county based on political leanings, density and access to the shot. More than a quarter of kids in Illinois’ populous counties around Chicago and Urbana are fully vaccinated, with rates as high as 38{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} in DuPage County. But rates are still below 10{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} in many of the state’s rural and Republican-leaning counties. In Maryland, where 1 in 4 kids are fully vaccinated, rates range from more than 40{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} in Howard and Montgomery counties, wealthy suburban counties, to fewer than 10{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} along parts of the more rural Eastern Shore.

    Nationally, a November KFF poll found that 29{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of parents of 5- to 11-year-olds definitely won’t vaccinate their children and that an additional 7{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} would do so only if required. Though rates were similar for Black, white and Hispanic parents, political differences and location divided families. Only 22{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of urban parents wouldn’t vaccinate their kids, while 49{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of rural parents were opposed. Half of Republican parents said they definitely wouldn’t vaccinate their kids, compared with just 7{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of Democrats.

    The White House said officials continue to work with trusted groups to build vaccine confidence and ensure access to shots. “As we’ve seen with adult vaccinations, we expect confidence to grow and more and more kids to be vaccinated across time,” spokesperson Kevin Munoz said in a statement.

    The Hunt for Shots

    Just before her younger son’s 5th birthday, Lehmann was eager to book COVID vaccine appointments for her two boys. But their pediatrician wasn’t offering them. Attempts to book time slots at CVS and Walgreens before her son turned 5 were unsuccessful, even if the appointment occurred after his late-November birthday.

    “It was not easy,” she said. Wanting to avoid separate trips for her 10-year-old and 5-year-old, she nabbed appointments at a hospital a half-hour away.

    “Both of my kids have gotten all their vaccines at the pediatrician, so I was kind of shocked. That would have certainly been easier,” Lehmann said. “And the kids know those nurses and doctors, so I think it would have helped to not have a stranger doing it.”

    The Biden administration has pointed parents to retail pharmacies and 122 children’s hospitals with vaccine clinics. Nationwide, more than 35,000 sites, including pediatricians, federally qualified health centers and children’s hospitals have been set up to vaccinate young kids, according to the administration. Yet administering the COVID vaccine to children presents obstacles that haven’t been as prominent for other inoculations.

    Enrolling pediatricians in the COVID-19 vaccine program is a challenge because of the application process, reporting requirements for administered doses, and staffing, said Claire Hannan, executive director of the Association of Immunization Managers.

    “Many of them are short-staffed right now and don’t necessarily have huge capacity to serve,” she said. Plus, “it’s not as easy to engage the schools in school-based clinics in certain areas just due to the political environment.” Health centers, government officials and other groups have set up more than 9,000 school vaccination sites for 5- to 11-year-olds nationwide.

    The CDC’s long-standing program, Vaccines for Children, provides free shots for influenza, measles, chickenpox and polio, among others. Roughly 44,000 doctors are enrolled in the program, which is designed to immunize children who are eligible for Medicaid, are uninsured or underinsured, or are from Native or Indigenous communities. More than half of the program’s providers offer COVID shots, although the rates vary by state.

    Pharmacies have been heavily used in Illinois, where 25{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of 5- to 11-year-olds are fully vaccinated.

    Dr. Ngozi Ezike, a pediatrician and the director of the Illinois Department of Public Health, said 53{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of shots administered to younger children as of Jan. 5 were done at pharmacies. Twenty percent occurred at private clinics, 7{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} at local health departments, 6{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} at federally qualified health centers and 5{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} at hospitals.

    “You need all pieces of the pie” to get more kids vaccinated, Ezike said.

    Kids Respond to ‘the Greater Good’

    The Levite Jewish Community Center in Birmingham, Alabama, tried to boost vaccinations with a party, offering games and treats, even a photo booth and a DJ, along with shots given by a well-known local pharmacy. Brooke Bowles, the center’s director of marketing and fund development, estimated that about half a dozen of the 42 people who got a dose that mid-December day were kids.

    Bowles was struck that children were more likely to roll up their sleeves when their parents emphasized the greater good in getting vaccinated. “Those children were just fantastic,” she said. In parts of the Deep South like this one, pro-vaccine groups face a tough climb — as of Jan. 12, only 7{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of Jefferson County’s children had gotten both shots.

    The greater good is what pediatricians have emphasized to parents who are on the fence.

    “Children are vectors for infectious disease,” said Dr. Eileen Costello, chief of ambulatory pediatrics at Boston Medical Center. “They’re extremely generous with their microbes,” spreading infections to vulnerable relatives and community members who may be more likely to end up in the hospital.

    Seventy-eight percent of the hospital’s adult patients have received at least one dose. For children 5 and up, the figure is 39{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c}, with younger children having lower rates than adolescents, Costello said. Particularly amid an onslaught of misinformation, “it has been exhausting to have these long conversations with families who are so hesitant and reluctant,” she said.

    Still, she can point to successes: A mother who lost a grandparent to COVID was nonetheless reluctant to vaccinate her son with obesity and asthma whom Costello was seeing for a physical. The mother ultimately vaccinated all four of her children after Costello told her that her son’s weight put him at higher risk for severe illness.

    “That felt like a triumph to me,” Costello said. “I think her thinking was, ‘Well, he’s a kid — he’s going to be fine.’ And I said, ‘Well, he might be fine, but he might not.’”

    This story was produced by KHN (Kaiser Health News), a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and one of the three major operating programs at KFF (Kaiser Family Foundation). It has been republished with permission.

    Methodology

    Vaccination numbers are from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as of Jan. 12.

    National vaccination rates are calculated by the CDC and include vaccinations provided by federal programs such as the Indian Health Service and the Department of Defense, as well as U.S. territories. To compare the vaccination rollout for kids and adolescents, we counted day 0 as the day the CDC approved the vaccine for each age group: May 12, 2021, for 12- to 15-year-olds and Nov. 2, 2021, for 5- to 11-year-olds.

    The CDC provides vaccination numbers at the state and county level. These numbers do not include the small fraction of children who were vaccinated by federal programs. To calculate rates for 5- to 11-year-olds, we divided by the total number of kids ages 5 to 11 in each state or county.

    To calculate the number of children ages 5 to 11 in each state, we used the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2019 Population Estimates Program “single year of age” dataset, the latest release available. For county-level data, we used the National Center for Health Statistics’ Bridged Race Population Estimates, which contain single-year-of-age county-level estimates. We selected the 2019 estimates from the 2020 vintage release so the data would reflect the same year as the state-level estimates.

    Vaccination data by age is unavailable for Idaho, counties in Hawaii and several California counties. For county-level vaccination data, we excluded states in which the county was unknown for at least 10{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of the kids vaccinated in that state.

  • Training teens to take COVID vaccine messages to their communities

    Training teens to take COVID vaccine messages to their communities


    By Anne Blythe

    Gabrielle Maradiaga Panayotti is a Duke pediatrician who readily acknowledges that she can encourage teens to get vaccinated and give them all the reasons why she thinks they should, but the reality is that their peers are likely to have more influence.

    That’s why LATIN-19, an organization that Maradiaga Panayotti and other Duke health care workers founded at the start of the pandemic, is raising money to start a program through which teens can become vaccine ambassadors in Durham communities and get paid for it. 

    The organization is partnering with ISLA, a Triangle-based organization that works to build youth leadership with Spanish language and cultural immersion programs.

    “These Latinx youth ambassadors will communicate directly with families in their own communities through social media and other events on why it is so important to stop the spread of COVID-19,” Maradiaga Panayotti said.

    The idea builds on the kinds of community health worker programs that are widely used throughout Latin America. Trained workers go out into neighborhoods, to homes, workplaces and places outside traditional health care settings to provide public health information.

    With bilingual skills and a cultural understanding of the communities, the teens will be trained to empower their peers and Hispanic families to make informed decisions about COVID-19 vaccines.

    “We immediately jumped in,” said Natalia Rivadeneyra, policy research and advocacy manager at ISLA. “A goal is to see public health provided by real agents of change.”

    Changing the trajectory

    One in three pediatric deaths from COVID-19 in this country have been Latino children, according to LATIN-19. In North Carolina, one in six, or nearly 400,000 children, are Hispanic.

    From the start of the pandemic, LATIN-19 has worked to get accurate information to Latinos in Durham and elsewhere throughout the state. During the weekly Zoom sessions that have occurred since March 18, 2020, Maradiaga Panayotti and others discuss timely public health issues and develop strategies to attack problems.

    A year ago in December, the group was talking about the promise of the COVID vaccines and how they could get Hispanic communities to embrace them as a necessary protection in the pandemic.

    With the help of LATIN-19, teams of community health workers, the efforts of public health officials and more, Latino residents went from being one of the least vaccinated populations in the spring of 2021 to having one of the highest vaccination rates by the fall.

    Fifty-four percent of the Hispanic population has had at least one shot compared to 52 percent of non-Hispanic residents, according to the DHHS vaccination dashboard.

    Maradiaga Panayotti uses soccer, her favorite sport, to help teens and others understand what’s needed to attack the pandemic.

    “Sometimes playing our best game means thinking about changing our approach,” Maradiaga Panayotti says in a DHHS public service announcement. “When you’re playing a new team and you use a new move against them you score. But once the rival team sees your moves, they can prepare against you in the future. That’s how viruses like the coronavirus work, which means as new variants pop up, we have to adapt to defend ourselves.”

    Dr. Maradiaga Panayotti explains how vaccines protect you against COVID-19 Youtube from NCDHHS on Vimeo.

    COVID vaccines, the pediatrician says, help bodies recognize COVID-19 and its variants and mount a defense against the virus.

    “Don’t wait to vaccinate,” she says, repeating a phrase that public health officials often use.

    Vaccinating the children

    The North Carolina vaccination rates are nowhere near as high as public health officials would like to see, especially as the Omicron variant adds a new layer of worry to the pandemic.

    Gov. Roy Cooper and Mandy Cohen, secretary of the state Department of Health and Human Services until the end of last month, have tried different tactics to lead more adults to COVID vaccines. Recently they have been encouraging parents of children as young as 5 to get them the kid-size vaccines.

    Pfizer’s vaccine for children ages 5 to 11 was given emergency use authorization by the Food and Drug Administration and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in November. 

    When Pfizer vaccines were approved for teens and pre-teens, ages 12 to 17 in the spring, there was an initial wave of eager parents getting their children vaccinated followed by a lull, according to a poll by the Kaiser Family Foundation Vaccine Monitor Poll. By Dec. 9, a survey of parents with children ages 5 to 11 before reports of the Omicron variant in the United States found even less enthusiasm for COVID vaccines. 

    Sixteen percent of the parents at that time reported that their child in that age group had at least one dose of the vaccine. Thirteen percent said they would get their child vaccinated “right away,” according to the Kaiser Family Foundation, while three in 10 parents of teens and younger children responded that they would “definitely not” get their child vaccinated for COVID-19.

    In North Carolina, only 21 percent of the children ages 5 to 11 had at least one dose of the vaccine, according to the DHHS vaccine dashboard.

    In Hispanic and Latino families, it’s often the teens and children who are able to bridge the worlds between their home countries and North Carolina, where they are, to make the best arguments for the families.

    Maradiaga Panayotti said some of her teenage pediatric patients go home and share information with their parents about how vaccines can help the older generations in their family stave off serious illness caused by COVID-19. They might persuade their loved ones to get vaccinated so they can protect an aging grandmother or grandfather.

    Often children who speak English and Spanish become leaders in the family because of their language skills and cultural understanding that build bridges between different worlds, said Rivadeneyra. In many immigrant families, children become de facto interpreters for non-English speaking parents and grandparents.

    Through the Spark Hope: Latinx Youth Ambassadors program, teens will deliver messages through TikTok and other social media platforms, at events, in schools and homes. The goal is to give the young ambassadors enough information and training so they can deliver direct, simple and consistent messaging with a sense that they are part of the solution.

    “As a pediatrician, I often see how children are left out of the conversations, or an afterthought,” Maradiaga Panayotti said. “I really love the idea in the youth ambassador program that they are getting a voice.”

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  • Study: COVID Vaccination Not Tied to Preterm Birth | Healthiest Communities Health News

    Study: COVID Vaccination Not Tied to Preterm Birth | Healthiest Communities Health News

    New evidence supports recommendations by health officials to get vaccinated against COVID-19 during pregnancy, with researchers finding that the shot is not associated with an increased risk of two adverse birth outcomes.

    An analysis published Tuesday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with a higher risk of preterm birth – defined as giving birth before 37 weeks’ gestation – nor with smaller-than-usual babies when compared against births among unvaccinated women.

    Researchers examined data from more than 40,000 women ages 16 to 49 who became pregnant in 2020 and gave birth in California, Colorado, Minnesota, Oregon, Washington and Wisconsin. Among that group, about 10,000 women received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose between Dec. 15, 2020 and July 22, 2021.The vast majority received either the Pfizer or Moderna mRNA vaccines, while about 4{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} received the Johnson & Johnson vaccine.

    Overall, the rate of preterm birth among all the women was 6.6 events for every 100 live births. Among pregnant women who had received any type of COVID vaccine, the rate of preterm birth was 4.9 for every 100 live births, compared with 7 per 100 among unvaccinated women.

    The rate of babies who were born small-for-gestational age at birth – defined as having a birthweight below the 10th percentile for their gestational age – remained constant at 8.2 per 100 live births among pregnant women overall and among both vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women.

    Researchers also assessed rates for both outcomes based on how many doses of the Moderna or Pfizer vaccines a woman had received and whether they’d received their first or only vaccine dose in either the second or third trimester. Though rates fluctuated, they still found no significant association between the shot and a higher risk of the two outcomes.

    The study’s findings support CDC recommendations for pregnant people to get vaccinated due to an increased risk of severe illness tied to COVID-19 compared with people who are not pregnant, even as the agency says the overall risks are low. People who are pregnant and have COVID-19 face increased risks of preterm birth and stillbirth, according to the CDC.

    Researchers in the CDC-published study acknowledged, however, that the timing in which the COVID-19 vaccine became available and the timing of births among women in their cohort may have contributed to the fact that only 1.7{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of women who got vaccinated did so during their first trimester.

    “Risks associated with vaccination during the first trimester should be evaluated in future studies that include vaccines administered throughout pregnancy,” the study says.

    The findings of the new study may help dispel concerns over vaccine safety among a group that’s had a low vaccination rate despite increased risks. Overall, only about 22{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of the more than 40,000 women in the study had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine between mid-December of 2020 and late July of the next year. In late September of last year, CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said only about 30{fe463f59fb70c5c01486843be1d66c13e664ed3ae921464fa884afebcc0ffe6c} of women currently pregnant had been vaccinated.

    “The findings from this retrospective, multisite cohort of a large and diverse population with comprehensive data on vaccination, comorbidities, and birth outcomes add to the evidence supporting the safety of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy,” the study authors concluded.